The spinal canal is surrounded by bone and cartilage structures that ensure its protection and mobility. Due to age, injuries, or disease, ligament thickening, bone overgrowth, or disc displacement may occur, leading to canal narrowing.
Main symptoms of spinal canal stenosis:
- back pain radiating to the limbs;
- numbness and weakness in the arms or legs;
- intermittent claudication;
- impaired pelvic organ function in severe cases.
Narrowing can occur in any part of the spine: cervical, thoracic, or lumbar. For example, lumbar spinal stenosis often causes lower back and leg pain, making movement difficult.